CGTC FAQs: Academic Support

Secondary Brittle Nail Syndrome

Some common nail signs and symptoms of brittle nail syndrome are increased nail plate fragility, easily breakable (chips and peels), and unable to grow long.  The nails may appear as onychorrhexis or longitudinal ridging with brittle nails.  Or the nails may appear as onychoschizia (nail splitting).  Distal nail splitting is known as lamellar splitting.  While lateral nail splitting, is referred to as transverse splitting.  The patients may complain of pain and discomfort from broken/brittle/ split nails.  

There are a wide variety of risk factors that lead to brittle nail syndrome.  Aging, lifestyle factors, hypothyroidism or hypoparathyroidism, anemia, zinc deficiency, biotin deficiency, medication use, autoimmune conditions, chronic kidney disease, cirrhosis/advanced liver disease, or dermatological conditions can all cause brittle nail syndrome, but we want to look at how getting a full-set manicure weakens the structure and health of nails. 

The patient's nails experience mechanical trauma.  Improper removal of nail enhancements--As you've experienced peeling, picking, or improper removal of gel, acrylic, or dip powder nails can strip away layers of your natural nail, making them thin and brittle.  Less common as the sole cause, certain deficiencies can contribute:  biotin (vitamin B7), A B vitamin essential for keratin production.  Iron deficiency anemia can lead to brittle nails, sometimes with a "spoon-shaped" appearance (koilonychia).  Zinc, vitamin C, and protein are all important for overall nail health.  

How to address brittle nail syndrome and get your nails healthy again

• Moisture is key.  Apply a nourishing oil (jojoba, argan, vitamin E) multiple times a day, especially after washing hands and before bed.  This helps rehydrate the nail plate and cuticle.  Use a rich, emollient hand cream frequently.  Protect your hands and nails from water and harsh chemicals by wearing cotton-lined gloves for cleaning, dishwashing, or any prolonged water exposure.  
• Avoid nail polish, gel, acrylics, or any other nail enhancements for at least 2-4 weeks, or longer if needed.  This allows the nail to heal without further chemical exposure or stress.  
• Balanced diet: focus on whole foods rich in protein, biotin, iron, zinc, and omega-3 fatty acids.  Always consult your doctor before starting any supplements, as excessive intake can have side effects or interact with other medications.
• Nails grow slowly.  It takes about 3-6 months for a fingernail to grow from base to tip, and even longer for toenails.  
• When to see a doctor or dermatologist?  If your brittle nails are accompanied by other symptoms (fatigue, hair loss, skin changes).  If you suspect a fungal infection (discoloration, thickening, crumbling).  If your nails don't improve despite consistent home care. 

By following these guidelines, you'll be well on your way to reversing the effects of Brittle Nail Syndrome and restoring your nails to a healthy state.